CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION GENERAL INTRODUCTION
1.1 INTRODUCTION IN OVERVIEW OF THE TOPIC
Few years ago, rural-urban migration was
viewed favourably in the economic department, prior to this time, rural-urban
migration has been in existence. People migrate from one place or area to the
other especially from rural to urban area for one thing or the other. It is now
abundantly clear from recent trends that the rate for rural urban job creat8ion
and surpass from the capacity of both industrial and urban social service
effectively to absorb this labour. Population in
is becoming alarming and particularly among the youths. The consequence of this
is gradual reduction of family labour on the farms and most especially since
the late 1780s, other problems are created in this process and it is the
intention of the researcher to examine the extent to which
is affected.
In relating to Ikole Local Government,
it was created in 1996 by General Sanni Abacha.
The language attributes of the
inheritance of this area has made it very much possible for the Ikole Local
Government people to settle down peacefully to conduct their day-today
activities such as farming and trading. The major problem which form the focus
of the research work is that
was being faced by
problem of the movement of her youngable bodies. Those that are literate and
educated to urban centre in search of
jobs.
Thereby rendering the area to be less
productive agriculturally’; this again has its effect of the national level.
The movement of large number of people from other area including those of rural
urban areas.
1.2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
This project is based on the social and
economic effect of rural-urban migration with particular reference to Ikole
Local Government,
and the years they
have been in problems in the area i.e. movement of vehicle, youths to urban
town for job.
SOME
OF THE PROBLEMS ARE:
1.
There are rapid rate of
movement/migration from rural to urban areas.
2.
There are less productivity in the areas of
agriculture.
3.
The rural towns are
characterized by low labour and low productivity.
4.
Cities are growing fast
and suffering from rural illness.
1.3 PURPOSE/OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aims and objectives or purpose of
the study are:-
i.
To identify and examine
the general causes of rural-urban migration in Ikole Local Government.
ii.
To determine the impact
of rural urban migration on the rural development of Ikole Local Government
area.
iii.
To show the negative
impact this migration has on urban area or centre.
iv.
To provide an insight
to the problems in order to contribute towards a policy of rural urban
migration
v.
To examine the magnitude
of migration from the Local Government in particular and state in general
vi.
Suggest possible
solutions to the problems
1.4 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The significance of the study is to
determine the effect of rural urban migration of Ikole Local Government in both
social and economic aspect of the Local Government.
1.5 RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
The following hypothesis would be tested
in the research project.
i.
Lack of job
opportunities in the rural area is responsible for the rural-urban migration on
Ikole Local Government in both social and economic aspect of the Local
Government.
ii.
The influx of people from the rural areas to
urban areas is responsible for the shortage of accommodation in the urban
centre.
1.6 SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
This research work is limited to only
Ikole Local Government Area of Ekiti State with a view of finding the economic
and social effect of rural-urban migration and creating alternative source of
social and economic effect in this Local Government.
1.7 ORGANIZATION OF THE STUDY/PLAN FO THE
STUDY/SYNOPSIS OF EACH CHAPTER.
This project consists of five chapters as viz:-
Chapter one consist of introductions statement of
the problem, purpose/objectives of the study, significance of the study,
research hypothesis, scope and limitation of the study/synopsis of each chapter
and definition of forms or operational terms
Chapter two has to do with introduction theoretical
framework, current trends in thinking and summary of the chapter.
Chapter three contains introduction, sample and
population of the study, sources of data/data collection instruments, method of
data analysis and research problems.
Chapter four deals with data presentation/analysis
and interpretation of findings. Introduction, brief of history of Ikole Local
Government, Presentation of data, analysis of data, testing of hypothesis,
summary of the chapter.
Chapter five states the summary of findings,
recommendation and conclusions.
1.8 DEFINITION OF TERMS OR OPERATIONAL TERMS
MIGRATION:
Migration refers to the movement of
people from one place to another. It is equally defined as population mobility.
this can take place within a country, region or it can take place from one
country to another. Migration can also be defined as a response to possible
dissatisfaction to people within their present location to another location.
RURAL: For the purpose of this project, the word
rural shall be described as a place that lack necessary infrastructure and
telecommunication we may say assume that
any place having population of less than 5,000 people sparsely populated
and lack any form of wage earning in economic with less tribal diversity and
strictly controlled socio culturally should be regarded as a rural area.
URBAN: This means metropolitan centre were basic
infrastructural facilities are available. An urban area is relatively large and
permanent settlement of social heterogeneous individuals in another definition.
G.W.
fair Holms states that urban settlements are high concentration of 5,000 people
living in geographical area having the following characteristics, a wage
earning economy, a trial diversification, and absence of traditional
socio-cultural control.
URBANIZATION: Urbanization may be defined as the process of
territorial population concentration both in form of rural-urban nations and
multiplication of points of concentration and the increase in size of
individual concentration.
DEVELOPMENT: Development can be defined as the advancing
from lower level to higher level. Definition of development from the classical economic perspective refers to the
increase in the economic well being of a nation.
According to Onar and Okoli (2000) state
that development involves progressing of movement of advancing towards
something better.
RURAL DEVELOPMENT: Rural development will be used in this work as
a means for restructuring the economic order to statisfy the materials needs
and aspiration of the rural masses and to promote individual and collective
incentives to participates in the process of development. This involve a host
of multi-sectarian activities including the improvement of agriculture,
promotion of rural industries, creations of the infrastructure and establishment of appropriate
decentralized structure in order to allow mass participation. Therefore, rural
development will facilitate improved living standard of the masses of the low
income population residing in rural areas and make the process of their
development self sustaining if sincerely unpursued.
ORGANIZATION CHART OF
REFERENCES
Ega – Etal, (1981): Development Rural Nigeria
Problem and Prospect (ed). The Nigeria
Rural Sociological Association.
Barlay G.W. (1958): Techniques
Population Analysis Willy and Sons, .
Oyeniran A.( 1995) Emerging trend
in Nigeria Local Government.