Moisey Rizhsky’s biography, net worth, fact, career, awards and life story

Intro científicu rusu (1911–2000)
A.K.A. Moisey Iosifovich Rizhsky, Mikhail Rizhsky, Mikhail Iosifovich Rizhsky
Was Scientist 
From Russia 
Type Science 
Gender male
Birth 30 October 1911, Chernigov Governorate, Russian Empire
Death 19 August 2000, Novosibirsk, Russia
(aged 88 years)
Star sign Scorpio

Михаил (Моисей) Иосифович Рижский (30 октября 1911, местечко Воронеж Черниговской губернии — 19 августа 2000, Новосибирск) — кандидат исторических наук, исследователь Ветхого Завета, профессор Новосибирского государственного университета. Участник Великой Отечественной войны.

Биография

М. И. Рижский родился 30 октября 1911 года в местечке Воронеж Черниговской губернии. Учился в хедере, еврейской школе, затем в советской школе-десятилетке. Работал в Донбассе и на Невском машиностроительном заводе им. Ленина в Ленинграде, получив необходимый для поступления в вуз рабочий стаж. По причине ликвидации исторических факультетов в столичных вузах во время гонений на историков, поступил в Ленинградский физико-механический институт, где и учится до 1933 года.

В 1933—1935 годах служил в конно-артиллерийском дивизионе на границе с Маньчжурией в Хабаровском крае.

В 1935 году был принят на второй курс вновь открывшегося истфака Московского государственного университета. В 1941 году с отличием окончил университет, сдал вступительные экзамены в аспирантуру.

В 1941—1945 гг. на фронте, командир роты отдельного инженерно-строительного батальона.

В 1946 г. преподает в Московском университете и Московском педагогическом институте.

В 1950 году защитил диссертацию, тема — трактаты древнеримских агрономов. С этого времени латынь становится одним из основных научных интересов. М. И. Рижский занимается переводами древних текстов. В частности, широко известны его переводы философских трактатов Цицерона (вышли в 1985 г.).

В 1952 г. М. И. Рижский увлекается археологией. Десять лет он проводит в экспедициях вместе с А. П. Окладниковым — известнейшим специалистом в области археологии Сибири и Средней Азии. Итогом этой работы явились серия научных и научно-популярных книг: «Древности Забайкалья» (Чита, 1962), «Из глубины веков. Очерки о древностях Забайкалья» (Иркутск, 1965), «Археология Забайкалья» (Чита, 1973) и ряд очерков по археологии Забайкалья в многотомной «Истории Сибири».

Однако главной сферой его научных интересов остается Библия. Работая в Читинском педагогическом институте М. И. Рижский публикует свою первую книгу на библейскую тему — «Что такое Библия?» (Чита, 1960), а также, «Беседы о религии» (Чита, 1960).

В 1962 году А. П. Окладников приглашает М. И. Рижского на только что открывшийся гуманитарный факультет Новосибирского государственного университета в Академгородке. С этого года Рижский — бессменный преподаватель латыни и истории Древнего мира в Новосибирском университете, куратор первокурсников гуманитарного факультета. Он также ведёт спецкурсы и спецсеминары по истории религии и библеистике, руководит дипломниками и аспирантами по проблемам библеистики, истории христианства, истории мировых религий.

Помимо преподавания и исследовательской работы, Рижский стал зачинателем студенческих традиций на факультете, в частности, исполнения студенческого гимна Gaudeamus и вручения грамот на латинском языке на церемонии посвящения первокурсников.

Научная деятельность

М. И. Рижский — выдающийся исследователь и реконструктор библейского текста. Издание его монографий по причине идеологической цензуры происходило с многолетними перерывами. Важнейшая из них — «Книга Иова», включающая восстановленный, заново переведенный М. И. Рижским текст библейской Книги Иова со скрупулезным научным комментарием. За эту работу ему было присвоено звание профессора Новосибирского университета honoris causa (Рижский до конца жизни оставался кандидатом наук).

Цикл научно-популярных статей по библеистике был опубликован им в нескольких номерах журнала «Наука и религия» (1985). Созданы им также научно-популярные монографии: «Библейские пророки и библейские пророчества» (М., 1987, премия на конкурсе научно-популярных работ Всесоюзного общества «Знание»), «Библейские вольнодумцы» (М., 1992).

Последняя работа М. И. Рижского — «Книга Экклезиаста. В поисках смысла жизни». Рижский опроверг представление об Экклезиасте, как о проповеднике пессимизма и отчаяния. Отправной точкой в этой версии стали слова: «И познал я, что нет иного счастья для человека как радоваться жизни и делать добро в жизни своей».

В конце жизни он работал над переводом Книги пророка Даниила. Им также создан научный труд по судьбам Библии в России — «История переводов Библии в России» (Новосибирск, 1978).

Краткая библиография

  • Рижский М. И. Что такое Библия? — Чита, 1960.
  • Рижский М. И. Беседы о религии. — Чита, 1960.
  • Рижский М. И. Древности Забайкалья. — Чита, 1962.
  • Рижский М. И. Из глубины веков: Рассказы археолога о древнем Забайкалье. — Иркутск, 1965.
  • Рижский М. И. История переводов Библии в России / Отв. ред. канд. филос. наук А. Т. Москаленко; Институт истории, филологии и философии СО АН СССР. Новосибирский государственный университет. — Новосибирск: Наука. Сибирское отд-ние, 1978. — 208 с. — 10 000 экз. (в пер.)
  • Рижский М. И. Библейские пророки и библейские пророчества. — М.: Политиздат, 1987. — 368 с. — 200 000 экз. (в пер.)
  • Рижский М. И. Книга Иова: Из истории библейского текста. — Новосибирск: Наука. Сибирское отд-ние, 1991. — 248 с. — 26 000 экз. — ISBN 5-02-029612-0. (в пер.)
  • Рижский М. И. Библейские вольнодумцы: Иов. Екклезиаст. — М.: Республика, 1992. — 236 с. — 50 000 экз. — ISBN 5-250-01674-X. (обл.)
  • Рижский М. И. Книга Экклезиаста: В поисках смысла жизни. — Новосибирск: Наука. Сибирское отд-ние, 1995. — 224 с. — ISBN 5-02-031158-8.
  • Марк Юниан Юстин. Эпитома сочинения Помпея Трога «Historiae Philippicae» = Epitoma Historiarum Philippicarum Pompei Trogi / Пер. А. А. Деконского и М. И. Рижского; Под ред. М. Е. Грабарь-Пассек. — СПб.: Изд-во СПбГУ, 2005. — 496 с. — ISBN 5-288-03708-6. (в пер.)
  • Рижский М. И. Русская библия: История переводов библии в России. — Изд. 2-е. — СПб.: Авалон, Азбука-классика, 2007. — 256 с. — (Русская словесность). — 5 000 экз. — ISBN 978-5-94860-046-8; ISBN 978-5-352-02057-9. (обл.)

Ссылки

  • Моисей Рижский биография
  • Рижский Моисей Иосифович / Энциклопедия Сибирь-матушка
  • Г. Г. Пиков. Атеизм профессора М. И. Рижского.
  • Персональная страница на сайте Фотоархив СО РАН
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