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Linus Torvalds Net Worth and Salary: Linus Torvalds is a Finnish software engineer who has a net worth of $50 million. Torvalds is probably best known for developing the Linux kernel which today powers billions of mobile phones via the Android operating system, in addition to the corporate computers of companies like Amazon, eBay, Google and PayPal. The word “Linux” is a stylized version of his first name. He is known as Linux’s “benevolent dictator for life”. He oversees and has final say over every line of code to this day. The Linux Foundation pays Linus around $1.5 million per year to support the software. The foundation has a $50 million operating budget to manage thousands of programmers worldwide who make around 80,000 code fixes and additions in a given year. Outside of his work on Linux, Linus also created Git, a distributed version control system. In addition, Torvald is recognized as the creator of Subsurface, a scuba dive logging and planning software. For his contributions to the world of technology, Linus Torvalds was awarded the Millennium Technology Prize in 2012 by Technology Academy Finland. Linus has been celebrated for creating an open-source operating system, and he has won a number of additional awards over the years. Torvalds is still very active in the modern era, and he continues to improve the Linux kernel while working on a number of additional projects. Early Life: Linus Benedict Torvalds was born on December 28th of 1969 in Helsinki, Finland. Raised by two journalists in a family of writers and poets, Linus grew up speaking Swedish at home – which is rare in Finland. His parents named him after Linus Pauling, a Nobel Prize-winning chemist. By the age of 11, Torvalds was playing with early consumer computers such as the Commodore VIC-20. He then purchased a Sinclair QL, which he heavily modified. Among many other things, he altered the computer’s operating system considerably. By the 90s, he was writing his own video games – including a Pac-Man clone called “Cool Man.” In 1991, he purchased an Intel-based clone of an IBM PC. After graduating from secondary school, Linus attended the University of Helsinki. In 1996, he graduated with a master’s degree in computer science after becoming closely involved with the NODES research group. However, his university education had to be halted for a year in 1989 when he was forced to complete Finland’s mandatory military service requirements. He joined the Finnish Navy and eventually reached the rank of second lieutenant. By the time Torvalds had returned to university, he was already familiar with MINIX, a basic version of Unix. This prompted him to start work on Linux, which resulted in his MSc thesis entitled “Linux: A Portable Operating System.” Career: Linus first released Linux to the public in 1991, but the official “Version 1.0” wasn’t released until 1994. By this point, Torvalds had used Richard Stallman’s GNU General Public License to develop the Linux kernel. By 1996, Torvalds had relocated to California to work for Transmeta. He stayed with this company for the next six years before moving to Open Source Labs. Open Source Labs eventually went through a number of mergers before becoming the Linux Foundation. Torvalds continues to work at the Linux Foundation to this day. During his time in the United States, Linus got to work on 86open. He proved to be instrumental in helping choose a standard binary format for both Linux and Unix. Over the years, Linus has become a strong proponent of open-source software. Today, Torvalds has contributed approximately 2% of the Linux kernel code. This is one of the largest contributions of any individual, although others are now stepping in to play a more central role. Torvalds has admitted that he doesn’t do much programming anymore for Linux, although he still holds the highest level of authority when it comes to decisions for how new code is implemented into the Linux kernel. In addition, Linus holds the trademark for “Linux.” Stock Holdings: A great deal of Torvalds’ wealth is a reflection of his stock portfolio In 1999, Red Hat and VA Linux – both leading developers of Linux-based software – presented Torvalds with stock options in gratitude for his creation. Also in 1999, both companies went public and Torvalds’ share value temporarily shot up to roughly $20 million. Currently, the Linux Foundation sponsors Torvalds as he works full-time on improving Linux. Relationships: After meeting Finnish karate champion Tove Torvalds in 1993, Linus married her and had three daughters. His family is mostly settled in the United States, as two of his children were born and raised there. Religious Views: Linus Torvalds is a well-known agnostic, although he has described himself as an atheist in the past as well. He has been critical of religion in the past, stating that it “detracts from both morals and appreciation of nature.” However, one of Linus’ most famous quotes is also “Do unto others as you want them to do unto you.” Many interpreted this as an endorsement of Christianity, but Torvalds later stressed that he was an agnostic. Controversies: Despite his vocal support for open-source software, Torvalds came under fire when he started using and praising BitKeeper software, which provided version control for the Linux kernel. In the face of this criticism, Linus developed a BitKeeper alternative called Git, which is completely free. Torvalds is also unapologetically argumentative, and some would even call him hostile in the way that he criticizes others. Linus himself has admitted to being a “really unpleasant person,” but he claims that this approach is necessary to get his point across. Various developers and programmers have criticized Torvalds for this approach. Linus’ conduct was questioned heavily after the Linux Kernel “Code of Conflict” was replaced by a new, Contributor Covenant-based “Code of Conduct.” Linus was then forced to apologize for his behavior, and he went back to maintaining the kernel after being confronted by “The New Yorker.”

Nelly Furtado Net Worth: Nelly Furtado is a Canadian singer, songwriter, and actress who has a net worth of $20 million. Furtado is one of the most successful Canadian singers of all time, and she arrived on the scene with a bang after releasing her debut album at the turn of the 21st century. Nelly has sold tens of millions of records over the course of her career, and she has also won a number of awards, including a Grammy Award, a Latin Grammy Award, a BRIT Award, a Billboard Music Award, ten Junos, and many others. Her musical style is quite varied, and she has experimented with Latin folk, trip hop, pop, and hip-hop.Early Life: Nelly Kim Furtado was born on December 2nd of 1978 in Victoria, British Columbia. Victoria is the capital city of the Canadian province of British Columbia, and it is located on Vancouver Island. Both of Nelly’s parents were born in Portugal and emigrated to Canada during the 1960s. Her parents named her after a Soviet gymnast named Nellie Kim. Raised in a Roman Catholic household alongside two siblings, Nelly began singing at the age of four.She started performing not long afterwards, singing in a duet alongside her mother at her local church on Portugal Day. At the age of nine, Furtado began to learn how to play musical instruments, starting with the trombone and ukulele. As the years went by, she shifted towards the guitar and keyboards. When she was young, she worked as a chambermaid alongside her mother, who was a housekeeper.Career: Nelly’s career began during a trip to Toronto, a city which has proven to be a major source of inspiration over the years. During the trip during the mid-1990s, she contributed to a track by the hip hop group Plains of Fascination. After she returned home to British Columbia and finished high school, Nelly immediately returned to Toronto in order to continue her music career. One year later, she formed one half of the trip hop duo Newkirk but became disillusioned with the music world and planned to return home.However, she performed at the Honey Jam talent show in 1997 before she planned to leave, and this drew the attention of singer Gerald Eaton. Furtado then collaborated with him and Brian West to record her first demo tape. She followed through on her promise to leave Toronto, but her demo tape went on a journey of its own to various record companies. In 1999, she successfully signed a deal with Dreamworks Records.Although she released “Party’s Just Begun (Again),” a track that appeared on the soundtrack for the film “Brokedown Palace” in 1999, her big break came in 2000. This was the year that she released her debut album “Whoa, Nelly!,” which propelled Furtado to international stardom. Tracks like “I’m Like a Bird” and “Turn Off the Light” ensured the album’s success, and critics praised Nelly for her work.During the next few years, Furtado collaborated with a range of different artists and toured across the world. In 2003, she released “Folklore,” her second album. This time, Nelly focused heavily on her Portuguese heritage, and her music featured a much less “poppy” sound. Although her single “Forca” became the official anthem of the Euro Cup in 2004, the album didn’t reach the same level of commercial success as “Woah, Nelly!”In 2006, Nelly bounced back with “Loose,” her third and most successful album. Produced by Timbaland, the album contained massive hits such as “Promiscuous,” “Maneater,” and “Say It Right.” Many of these tracks reached top spots on the charts. She followed up in 2007 by featuring on Timbaland’s track “Give It to Me” alongside Justin Timberlake. In 2009, Furtado released a Spanish-language album called Mi Plan, which earned her a Latin Grammy Award.During the 2010s, Nelly collaborated with Alex Cuba for the track “Is Anybody Out There” before releasing another album entitled “The Spirit Indestructible.” In 2017, Furtado released “The Ride,” her sixth studio album.Musical Style: Nelly Furtado is a mezzo-soprano. Some observers have described her voice as “nasally,” which may be due to Portuguese language influences. While growing up, Furtado was influenced by a wide range of musical genres and listened to artists such as Madonna, Blondie, Prince, Bjork, The Smashing Pumpkins, Radiohead, and Beck (to name but a few). In turn, Nelly has proven to be an inspiration for newer artists such as Dua lipa, Lorde, and Gia Woods.Relationships: In 2001, Nelly Furtado started dating Jasper Gahunia, who had been a close friend for many years prior to their relationship. In 2003, Nelly gave birth to her daughter, and in 2005 the couple broke up. Furtado later revealed that she remained on good terms with her daughter’s father, and that they shared joint custody of their child. In 2008, Nelly married Demacio Castellon, an engineer. In 2017, Furtado announced that she had separated from her husband.Nelly once caused quite the stir when she admitted to being attracted to women, but she later clarified that she was straight – but still “open-minded.” In 2006, Furtado revealed that she once turned down $500,000 to pose fully-clothed for “Playboy” Magazine.Activism: Nelly Furtado once hosted a show about AIDS on MTV in an effort to spread awareness about the disease. In 2011, she announced that she was donating $1 million to Free the Children (which is now known as WE Charity). Her money went towards building girls’ schools in Kenya.

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