EFFECTS
OF SELECTION PROCESS ON LABOUR TURNOVER AND PRODUCTIVITY OF EMPLOYEES
(A
CASE STUDY OF NIGERIAN BOTTLING COMPANY PLC, 9TH MILE ENUGU)
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTON
1.1
BACKGROUND OF STUDY
Every
organization has human resources as part of its resources. The
organization cannot function
without people working together and whenever people work together, the
personnel management function must be performed and executed. Other resources
may include physical, financial and informational. However, the most vital
among all these resources seems to be
the human element.
The human
resources is the concern of personnel management. Personnel management deals
with the bringing of a person into an organization, his behaviour in the work
situation, his interests and relation-ship both with his fellow workers and the
organization. It is the series of management activities, which procures
personnel for the organization to achieve effectives performance towards
organizational growth.
Therefore
this human element does not just come, they are recruited based on
qualification. Recruitment is an of the
process of staffing in an organization. It is also concerned with
developing a pool of job candidate in
line with the human resources plan. In this case, candidates are usually
located through newspapers and professional journal advertisements, employment
agencies and visits campus. It comes immediately after human resources
planning. Recruitment
Seen as
that process of assessing a job, announcing the vacancy, arousing interest and
stimulating people to apply
In
recruitment, there is general one is the most
appropriate for operative employees, which takes place if the
organization needs a group of workers of a certain type, example is typists or sales
people. Another one is specialized
recruiting, which is used mainly for
executives or specialists, occurs when the organization desires s particular.
In this , candidates receive individual
attention over an extended period
of time. The process of recruitment must
be centered in one place and in the hands of one person or group. Only in this way can there be a sufficient
concentration of exercise, knowledge and record to provide the possibility of
efficiency in service both to applicants and to the organization.
While
selection is the process that leads the firm to choose from a list of
applicant. The person or persons who will
match the selection criteria or the vacant post with consideration of
current environmental conditions is given the job. Application forms, resumes,
interviews and reference checks are commonly used selection goals. The
application form serves three purposes in selection. They are :-
–
Show that the applicant desires a
position.
–
Provides the interviewer with the
basic information needed to conduct the interview.
–
It becomes part of the
organization’s information if hired.
Selection
process is a matter of satisfying a company’s present needs. It is
An activity
which influences the shape of a
company’s future health and its cumulative results predetermine the future
health of the enterprise. Selection
process especially at high level is no longer a question of trying to
fill a closely defined slot but, as Plumbley
(1976: 38) matching process
between the capacities and inclination of the candidates and the demands inherent
in a given job or career pattern.
Furthermore,
the history of Nigerian Bottling company (NBC) dates to forty (40) years
ago. The company which has made phenomenal process, tapped its first
soft drink production with the world’s most popular beverage called coca-cola.
At this time, only few plants were established in the country. This Nigerian bottling company (NBC) was in
the town of Atlanta in Georgia United
state of America (U.S.A) in the year 1886
That a man
named Dr .John Styth the Pemberton, a pharmacist first initiated the plans for
the world’s best soft drink. Having succeeded
in brewing the drink a man named Frank
M. Robinson – Dr. Pemberton’s partner and book-keeper designed the
flowing distinguishing trade mark and gave coca –cola its name.
Following
this remarkable feat achieved by Dr.
Pemberton, many countries in every part of the globe who have heard of the this
drink began to have vicious desire taste
made of this drink. This was also made possible through Dr.
Pemberton’s advertising and marketing
activities.
However, this coca-cola came into Nigeria in the year
1953. this was when the Nigerian
Bottling company opened it s first plant in Lagos. Following the uncontrollable demand for its
product in Nigeria, the Nigerian bottling company, in a bid to reach the nook
and cranny of Nigeria had to have several depots (branches).
Presently, in Nigeria the company operates in areas such
as Akwa, Abakaliki, Nsukka, Ikon and 9th mile corner Enugu etc The products include: Fanta soda,
sprite, Krest, or Bitter lemon,
Fanta orange,Fanta Ginger ale, Fanta
tonic,Evatable-water and
coca-cola coke etc.
Moreover, these establishment that mentioned above were
made again in areas like Benin, Lagos, Port-Harcourt in September
1962,. The company started production capacity was 350,000
hector per annum, but now, the capacity has hit about two million hector
stride taken by the company within this period, the Board of Directors and
management hope that you as an employees of the company will contribute your
quota in insuring its continued growth and development.
Finally, as
Yoder (1976:278) observed staffing as a process that begins with the
determination of man-power needs for the organization and ends
with the inventors of capabilities, recruitment, selection,
placement and orientation.
STATEMENT
OF THE PROBLEM
Selection
and recruitment is a step in management development, which help
fundamentally to find and attract potential employees who it
successful, eventually fill vacant
positions.
In management, professionalism
developed states of selection and recruitment when employed in conjunction with
other tools of personnel assessment, as well as complimenting input of sound
job design programme may significantly facilitate the development and
maintenance of efficient work force and
indeed, the utilization and conservation
of human resources.
In fact, in a firm’s working life, abundant evidence
clearly prove that these tests, all thing being equal are creditable predictors of employee’s job performance.
However, the Nigerian societal
immorality and political influences have created discrepancies in selection
procedures through such vices as favouritism, tribalism and nepotism.
These are problems arising from vague
description of job by these personnel management. Because of these problems, the needs for a
close up examination of the whole selection process on labour turn-over in
Nigerian Bottling company Plc 9th
mile
Corner
Enugu becomes inevitable.
1.2
OBJECTIVE OF STUDY
1.
To
determine the effect of labour turn- over and productivity and how to
alleviate them.
2.
To ascertain the extent of which
the company’s ownership structure with its attendant bureaucratic red tape on the selection of labourers in the
company.
3.
To identify means by which selection process on
labour turn- over can be improved in
the company.
4.
To identify possible solutions.
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
This
research will benefit the readers and also future researchers and students who
will love the opportunity to pick this from the library.
Other people that will also benefit from
work are:-
–
organization
–
Researchers
–
Government
The
organization will benefit from this work they know the causes of implication of
wrong collection process and avoid it.
The researcher will gain more knowledge by
the time she is through with the whole research work.
The government will benefit from this work
because they have handle labour turn- over and productivity., of employees.
1.5
RESEARCH QUESTION:
1.
Do selection process exist at all
in the company’s of today?.
2.
What are the causes of wrong
selection process?.
3.
What causes decline in workers
productivity?.
4.
What should be done to have the
right selection process?
1.6
SCOPE OF THE STUDY
For
the purpose of this study, the researcher have chosen one multi- national
company in Enugu state; the Nigerian Bottling company 9th mile
corner Enugu. The data collected from the public Relation Officer (PRO) in this
company written above by the researcher will be used to make a generalized
statement of what is obtainable in
selection process on labour turn- over and productivity of employees. The researcher will also use the findings you
draw conclusion on how best managers should handle some factors affecting
selection process on labour turn-over in the company.
1.6.1
LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
A
study of this nature could not be done apparently without some form of involved
tasks. The researcher encountered some difficulties like
–
Financial: The economics situation
of our country, Nigeria made the researcher who is dependent to find difficult
in raising adequate fund needed for this researcher work.
–
Time: As a final year student, the researcher found it
difficult to cope with the time allocated to
this research work with other academic activities.
–
Data gathering: The study implies
the effect of selection process on over and
productivity. This leads to turn- over
of employees findings initial problem that
affect labour turn- over.
o
This was a very difficult task
since our people are too secretive.
The researcher found it difficult to
convince the respondent at the initial stage which after several visits and
waste of time and money were able to convince the respondents that the work is
for academic purpose and the welfare.
REFERENCES
Yoder D.
(1972) Personnel management and industrial Relation, Great Britain
prentice Hall, inc.
Udeze J. O
(2000) Human Resources management in Nigeria, Hugotez publication.
Ijeoma G.Aniemeka (1999) Programmatic Dimension
to personnel management, Optimum publishers, Akwa Anambra
state, Nigeria