EFFECTS OF PETROLEUM LEVEL (WASTE OIL) ON SOIL FERTILITY IN THE VICINITY OF A MECHANIC WORKSHOP

1.0       INTRODUCTION

            Used motor oil is a very dangerous polluting product. It contains PAH’s and high levels of metals. PAH’s such as benzo[a]pyrene, are well known for their high carcinogenity. Considerable quantities of heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, Cu, Cr, Ni, and Cd are contained in used crankcase oil, these metals are highly toxic to organisms

In Nigeria, it is common among motor mechanics to dispose waste oils into gutters, water drains and soil (Okonokhua et al., 2007).  Waste oils is defined as used lubricating oils obtained after servicing and subsequently draining from automobile and generator engines. Spent oils contain high percentage of aromatic and aliphatic hydrocarbons, nitrogen and sulphur compounds and metals (magnesium, calcium, zinc, lead) than fresh oils, these metals are introduced into the oil as a result of wear and tear of the engine  (Mohd et al., 2011) (Mohd. Mozamil Bhat; Shiv Shsankar, Shikha, Mohammad Yunus and Shukai R. N (2011): Remediation of hydrocarbon contaminated soil through microbial degradation – FTIR based prediction. Advances in Applied Science Research 2(2): 321 – 326.).

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 Education is a tool for building a united, independent, wealthy and egalitarian society that can maintain its’ tradition and values. In the past however, there was no well-planned and programmed educational system and this was precisely 1882, when most schools were mainly being maintained, owned and financed by the missionaries. Historically, Western type of education came to Nigeria in 1842 by the missionaries which led to the establishment of the first school called “the Nursery of the Infants’ Church” at Badagry in 1843. (Muraina, 2012; Jacob and Weigman, 1973). This ownership of school by the missionaries has not given room for inclusion of principalship into educational system. Even most of the schools then were being headed by the missionaries with the sole aim of teaching Nigerians the gospel of evangelism and inclusion of reading, writing and Arithmetic (3Rs) in their curriculum; not until when the first and most acceptable educational ordinance was passed across, that is 1887 education ordinance, which among others paved way for proper planning of the schools, standardization of schools, grants-in-aids, setting procedures for opening and closing of schools, division of schools into private and public schools, etc. This thereby give rise to government inclusion of principals into the secondary schools in the country. Thus, the origin of the principalship in secondary education could be traced to 1887 when the government began to finance, established and own some secondary schools as a result of the 1887 Education Ordinance. The secondary school system is however a very crucial level of educational system. It is a gateway to the tertiary education and a ripe age for developing students’ potentials. Its benefits should be commensurate with the cost, for this reason, the performance at this level is of significant importance to educational planners and managers. The school as a formal organization is the centre for all teaching-learning processes. The principals and teachers as human resources are significant in goal achievement of the school instructional leadership, pupils relationship, academic achievement of the students, manipulation of facilities and other areas of teaching task must be performed at the school building and within the community level.
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