CHAPTER
ONE

                                                    INTRODUCTION

The
industrial batch counter is an electronic and electrical device that
handles the counting and controls the flow of individuals using an automated
slide door that allows access only when the administrator permits. The
technique involved in the design is a simple sensor unit that opens and closes
the door when someone obstructs the light path. These parameters can be used to
determine when someone has moved in or out of the conference hall (for
instance). The light sensing type involves monitoring the unit with photon or
optical devices; this consists of the encoder (transmission path or the source
of energy) and the decoder (receiver unit that converts the light intensity to
electrical signal). An LED emitter, combined with a photo detector (Light
Dependent Resistor, photo transistor or infrared sensing diode) in proximity,
form a very useful object called opto-coupler or opto-isolator. When the opto
coupler is obstructed, the door opens and the display shows an increase or
decrease of individuals in the room (depending on the path followed). This project
report creates a greater picture of the industrial batch counter.

1.1                
THE AIM AND OBJECTIVES OF THE PROJECT

The aim of this project is to demonstrate a smart
device that counts the number of people inside a conference hall; and prevents
people from entering once the room has reached its capacity.

1.2                
JUSTIFICATION OF THE PROJECT

The need for counting the number of persons inside the conference hall is
for statistical record, which will help the conference hall management take a
proper account of people; and as well, control the conference hall capacity
from being over populated.

1.3                
THE SCOPE OF THE PROJECT

This project covers the
features of the capacity monitor, the hardware description, the use of
transistor-transistor logic and microcontroller, how the system works and its
applications.

1.4   
THE PROJECT   REPORT ORGANIZATION

This project report is organized
into five chapters. The first chapter covers the introduction, aim scope and
justification of the project. The second chapter talks about the technology
behind the project, the description of the microcontroller, as well as the
working principle of the project. Chapter three covers the methodology of the
project. Chapter four discusses the designing and construction of the project,
as well as other components used in designing this project. Chapter four also talks
about the testing of the individual components and packaging of the project.
And lastly, chapter five summarizes and concludes the project.