BANK FRAUD AND ITS EFFECTS ON NIGERIAN’S ECONOMY

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

1.1  BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

The level of fraud in present day Nigeria has assumed on epidemic dimension. It has eaten deep into every aspect of our life to the extent that even three years old child talks about 419, the name given to the newly discovered fees fraud that is hunting us a nation. Fraud is defined as “deceit or tricking deliberately practiced in order to gain some advantages therefore there must be a dishonest intension and action must be intended to benefit the perpetration to the detriment of other person.

       Going by this definition, frauds in the Nigeria economy cannot be restricted to the bank alone. Although frauds cut across al sectors of the economy and the size of an enterprises usually determines the volume of frauds perpetrated, such problem as inadequate manpower, poor internal control system, inadequate incentives and unsuitable legal framework for dealing with offenders, downturn in the economy recognition being accorded the wealthy people regardless of their sources of wealth play a major role in the perpetration of frauds. The fear now is the threats which this devilish and unscrupulous act will pos to the stability and survival of individual financial institution and the performance of the industry as a whole for one thing, frauds result in huge financial losses to financial institutions and their customers, depletion of shareholders frauds and capital base as well as loss of confidence in financial institutions.

       Frauds and foreign also have negative effect on the banking industry. Today, various banks cannot withstand the growing pressure of competition among various banks due to the monster called bank frauds. Equally, the confidence places on banks are fast eroding because some people new prefer keeping their money at their homes instead of keeping them in the banks. The fear is now……that if this act is not arrested, it might not find it wise to transact business via our banks.

1.2  STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

       The problems of this study revolves around finding out the reasons for the continuous cases of bank frauds in virtually all banks and other financial institutions other problems include why banks have not been able to find solutions that will help in curbing banks and financial institutions frauds.

       Furthermore, the research is aimed at finding the economic effects of frauds to the total economy of the nation, and the consequences of these frauds to our international relationship on global market economy.

1.3  OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY

       The major objectives of this study are

  1.         To determine how lack of effective internal control lead to banking fraud
  2.         To ascertain how lack of enough motivation, or incentive causes banking fraud.
  3.          To determine why societal values contribute to bank fraud.

1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION

      The following research question guided this study

  1.         What ways will lack of effective internal control lead to banking fraud?
  2.         In what ways will lack of enough motivation, or incentive cause banking fraud?
  3.         In what ways will societal values contribute to bank frauds?

1.5  HYPOTHESES

i.     Ho:  Lack of effective internal control has not led

to banking fraud.

       Hi:   Lack of effective internal control led to

              banking fraud.

ii.    Ho: Lack of enough motivation has not cause

             banking fraud.

       Hi:   Lack of enough motivation cause banking

 fraud.

iii.    Ho:  Societal values has not led to contribute

              bank fraud.

       Hi:   Societal values have led to contribute bank

              fraud.

1.7  SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

       The significance of the study has practical and academic significance.

Practical Significance

The research work will be beneficial to bank and financial institutions who are directly facing extrication as a result of financial losses due to fraud. It will also be beneficial to the government and other public factors who are gradually bank confidence in banks and the customers banks relationship that are greatly hampered as a result of frauds.

       This project will also be beneficial to the general public who are losing huge sums of money to banks that are declared without adequate compensation. It will enable them know the various ways frauds are perpetrated. The general public will also benefit as this will enable them know the role of the organization or the management in checking frauds.

Academic Significance

       The research work will be beneficial to those that are in the academic field the researcher; the student will find the project very useful.

1.8  DEFINITION OF TERMS

       Fraud refers as an international misrepresentation of financial information by one or more individual among management, employees or third parties.

Fraud also defined by B. Ijenfa as misappropriation, theft or embezzlement of corporate assets in the particular economic environment.

Bank is defined by  Orjih John as a place were money and other things are kept.

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