ABSTRACT
Almighty Allah the ordained wealthy
individual muslim pay their Takat as ludainetital pillar, also as source for
welfares services to the poor and needy.
The eight of Zakat recipient who are
entitle to benefit were enumerated such as the poor, needy and welfare e.t.c.
Zakat fitr and Zakatul wealth and property were important aspect of this
research work.
The zakatable wealth includes the
following cash, animal and plant crops. The essence of Zakat is to provide
welfare package top title less privilege people in the society. The Zakat which
is expected to empower people economically and to improve living standard of
pwople. Cluster sampling was used to divide Niger State into zones. The Zakat
and endorsement board was charge for the collection and distribution of Zakat
during the course of their work, series of problem were encountered in the area
of logistic, compliance to pay Zakat and problem of enlightenment of people and
how to reach the rich or wealthy people. Possible recommendation through
education people on the importance of paying Zakat.
Government to provide logistic material
for the operation finally series of retreat should be organized for Islamic
scholars for paying of Zakat by affluence among them.
TABLE OF CONTENT
Proposal
Abstract
Table
of Content
CHAPTER
ONE: INTRODUCTION OF THE STUDY
1.1
Background
of the Study
1.2
Statement
of the problem
1.3
Purpose
of the Study
1.4
Significant
of the Study
1.5
Scope
and Limitation
1.6
Research
Questions
1.7
Definition
of Terms
CHAAPTER
TWO: LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 Concept and ideas of Zakat
2.2 Types of Zakat
2.3 The Zakatable Wealth
2.4 The Beneficiaries groups of Zakat
2.5 Enforcement on the Payment of Zakat
2.6 Effects and Roles
CHAPTER
THREE
3.1 Methodology
3.2 Sample and Sampling Techniques
3.3 Research Instrument
3.4 validity of the Instrument
3.5 Reliability of the Instrument
3.6 Administration of Research Instrument
CHAPTER
FOUR
4.1 Data Presentation and Analysis
4.2 Zakat Distribution
4.3 Discussion of the Findings
CHAPTER
FIVE
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
References
CHAPTER
ONE
INTRODUCTION
TO THE STUDY
It should be borne in
mind that Zakat or Sadaqat Islam is not a voluntary and of charity which a rich
person gives to the poor out of his or her own sweet will, but it is an
obligatory act which every Muslim is enjoined to perform.
Thus, those who refuse
to pay Zakat fall outside the pace of Islam, against them even Jihad must
bewaged as did the companions of holy prophet (P.B.U.H).
The holy Quran read (O
prophet), takes Zakat out of their property so that it may cleanse and purify
them {9:2) God has devised a plan to protect his interest and to lighten his
burden by proving his wealth by means of Zakat. In that way the utility of the
total wealth of the payer of Zakat will be by God. Otherwise from the affluence
of the non payer of Zakat, the society as a rich one becomes richer. A poor man
will become poorer and a rich one becomes richer. The result will be creation
of heart-rending and bad blood between the haves and have-nots. Islam,
therefore, enjoins the rich to distrbuter as prescribes share of their wealth
among the poverty. Stricken people so that they too may take a sign of relief
their object misery.
Zakat is compulsory
payable by such muslims as came within the financial limit prescribed for Zakat.
Non payment of zakat by
those upon whom it is a sin. Its money cannot be appropriated to any other hand
of account. Like other taxes of the government. In Quran Majeed, Zakat holds
parallel position with Salat.
Payment gives comfort
and spiritual satisfaction to the payer on the other hand, creates in him a
sense of compliance with the divine order.
Quran, has mentioned
zakat at a large number of places together with Salat. It goes to show how much
importance God has given to Zakat.
“And be steadfast in
prayer, practice Zakat; and bow down your head with those who bow down (in
worship)” (Q2:43)).
1.1
BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
It was envisaged by the
Niger state government that poverty alleviation can be achieved through shariah
legal system.
Therefore, it becomes
policy statement for the adoption of shariah legal system. As a result of the
adoption of shariah legal system in Niger State. The government took a step
forward by establishing the Zakat and endowment board by the 2000-2001.
Following the
establishment of shariah legal system, it becomes necessary as part of
implementation strategies which to ensure the improving of living standard of
people which is conceived to be done through Zakat investigation, it is aimed at
fulfilling institutionalization of Zakat as a means to maintain social
solidarity and corporation among Muslim and also to ensure the rich support the
poor at time of famine. The Zakat board also aimed at collecting Zakat from
well to do Muslim Ummah of the State and redistribute it to the less privilege
member of the society.
The policy
establishment Zakat board in Niger State, which is headed by chairman and
secretary who runs days to day’s activity of the board with treasurer as a
member.
There are eight Zakat
zonal offices across the state with local government councils and wards. With
thefollowing categories of offices who discharge the achieving of the board,
there are coordinators for Zakat collection and redistribution so also chiefs
and Imams were involves.
1.2
STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
Zakat as one of the
pillars of Islam is very important in terms of welfare package to Muslims. This
welfare nature of Zakat was one vital reason that prompted Niger state to
create Zakat board which shariah legal system was adopted in policy programmes
of the state. Zakat which generally aimed to address weaker segment of the
society is very much initial with Nigerian Nation Policies of Poverty reduction
and eradication.
The rich people of
state even through predominatly Muslim who knows the importance and aimed of
Zakat have not been positively adhered to Zakat policies of the state. Zakat
which generally aimed to address weaker segment of the society is very much
initial with Nigerian National Policies of Poverty reduction and eradication.
The rich people of
state even though predominantly Muslim who knows the importance and aimed of
Zakat have not been positively adhered to Zakat policies of the state.
It is view of this fact
that this research work is out to ascertain the reason behind the irresponsible
of the rich man in the state.
1.3
PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
The main purpose of
this research work are:
1. To carryout assessment on the roles of
Zakat on the economics life of people of Niger State.
2. To examine the level of enlightenment by
the Zakat board.
3. To investigate the pattern of collection
and distribution of Zakat to the people.
4. To ascertain the categories of potential
and actual eligible recipient of Zakat.
1.4
SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
The following will make
the work significant at the end of the work.
1. It would make prove on the classes of
the people to benefit from Zakat.
2. It would serve as eyes opener to the people,
especially students community on how distribution of Zakat is done in the state.
3. It would unfold the problems that the
state Zakat beard encounter in discharging their duties.
4. It would suggest policy recommendations as solution to the problems.
1.5
THE SCOPE AND LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
The research work cover
areas of Niger state as a whole references are in some cases going to be made
to other states or Muslim institutes. The work will be extended to types of
Zakat and Zakatable goods and eligible recipients.
During the courses of
this research work, certain problems were encountered by the researcher. For
instance, lack of sufficient materials there are also this sonic technique to
analyze data since some figures such as payment from Zakat and distribution to
beneficiaries are not actually identified or quantified.
1.6
RESEARCH QUESTIONS/ASSUMPTIONS
From the foregoing I
the objective of study, that is assessing the roles of zakat on Nigerian
economy development. The following questions could be asked and possible
solutions would be proffered.
a.
People
are not willing to give out Zakat dues.
b. The standard living of people is
worsening
c.
Lack
of awareness in the part of rich people
d. The technical inefficiency in the part
of rich people
e.
The
technical inefficiency of Zakat board to execute zakat exercise.
1.7
DEFINITION OF TERMS
The words terms found
in this research work were used and adopted to suit purpose of this research
work study:
‘Dinar’ this is a Gold coinage weigh 4.4
grams used as means of exchange in those days.
Dirham’ silver coinage weigh as 3.08
grains also used as a means of exchange in those days.
‘Nisab’ minimum amount due for Zakat
‘Mujihadeen’: Islamic fighter or
propagator.
‘Sadaqa’: Is any form or charity, but
specifically is refered to voluntary gift.
“Zakat” (That which purify) is one of
the five pillars of islam. It refers to aims giving which is obligatory for all
Muslims who meet a minimum wealth requirements.
Ismalm: Is the most complete way of life
is moving forward in the religion of Islam. The word Islammaan word “Surrender”
to the will of God.
ECONOMY
DEVELOPMENT: It is the
quantitative qualitative changes in economy. Such actions can involve multiple
areas including development of human capital environment sustainability and
social inclusion.
ZAKAT
INSTITUTION: In economic
terms however, the Muslim seeks to establish a society where social duties and
distributional equity would prevail so that a section society does not
discriminate and proper at the expense of the rest of the society.